Cultural Study Report Chinese Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Social Study Report Chinese - Essay Example Intergroup rivalry and mentalities toward foreigners and migration: An instrumental model of gathering strife. Diary of Social Issues, 54(4), 699-724. Florack, A,, Piontkowski, U., Bohman, A,, Balzer, T., and Perzig, S. (2003). Seen intergroup danger and mentalities of host network individuals toward foreigner cultural assimilation. Diary of Social Psychology, 143(5), 633-648. Gudykunst, W.B., and Matsumoto, Y. (1 996). Multifaceted inconstancy of correspondence in close to home connections. In W.B. Gudykunst, S. Chime Toomey, and T. Nishida, (Eds.), Communication in close to home connections across societies (pp. 19-56). Thousands Oaks, CA: Sage. Hinkle, S., and Brown, R. (1990). lntergroup correlations and social personality: Some connections and lacunae. In D. Abrams and M.A. Hogg (Eds.), Social character hypothesis: Constructive and basic advances (pp. 48-70). New York: Harvester/Wheatsheaf. Hofstede, G. (1998). The social development of sexual orientation. In G. Hofstede (Ed.), Masculinity and gentility: The untouchable element of national societies: Crosscultural psychologyVo1. 3 (pp. 77-105). Thousand Oaks, CA, US: SAGE. Hofstede, G. (1998b). Similar investigations of sexual conduct: Sex as accomplishment or as relationship In G. Hofstede (Ed.) Masculinity and gentility: The no-no element of national societies: Cross-social brain science Vol. 3 (pp. 153-1 78). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE. Hofstede, G. (1 998c). Religion, manliness and sex. In G. ... Hofstede, G. (1983). National societies returned to. Conduct Science Research, 18(4), 285-305. Hofstede, G. (1996). Sexual orientation generalizations and accomplice inclinations of Asian ladies in manly and female societies. Diary of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 27(5), 533-546. Hofstede, G. (1998). The social development of sexual orientation. In G. Hofstede (Ed.), Masculinity and gentility: The no-no element of national societies: Crosscultural psychologyVo1. 3 (pp. 77-105). Thousand Oaks, CA, US: SAGE. Hofstede, G. (1998b). Similar investigations of sexual conduct: Sex as accomplishment or as relationship In G. Hofstede (Ed.) Masculinity and gentility: The untouchable element of national societies: Cross-social brain science Vol. 3 (pp. 153-1 78). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE. Hofstede, G. (1 998c). Religion, manliness and sex. In G. Hofstede (Ed.) Masculinity and womanliness: The no-no element of national societies: Crosscultural brain science Vol. 3 (pp. 192-209). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE. Hofstede, G. H. (2001). Culture's results: Comparing esteems, practices, establishments and associations across countries (second ed). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Hofstede, G. (2002). The entanglements of cross-national review research: An answer to the article by Spector et al. on the psychometric properties of the Hofstede Values Survey Module 1994. Applied Psychology: An International Review, Special Issue: Challenges of applied brain science for the third Millennium, 51(1), 170-173. Triandis, H. C., Bontempo, R., Villareal, M.J., Asai, M., and Lucca, N. (1988). Independence and community: Cross-social points of view on self-ingroup connections. Diary of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 323-338. Triandis, H. C., Leung, K., Villareal, V.M., and Clark, F.L. (1985). Allocentric versus idiocentric inclinations:

Environmental Impact of Prescribed burning in the United States Essay Example for Free

Natural Impact of Prescribed consuming in the United States Essay The term recommended consuming alludes to an administration practice in which fire is utilized to consume a foreordained zone under indicated natural conditions.â Burning for this situation is utilized as an administration apparatus in territories that are defenseless against bursting into flames because of the ground spread that goes about as fuel load. Also, consuming is viewed as the most earth agreeable and least expensive technique for having woody development in an environment controlled.â Prescribed consuming in the United States is normal. In this type of consuming, controlled flames are utilized to consume a predefined land region after legitimate arranging which guarantees that the current climate conditions are good for the consuming. At the point when climate conditions are not reasonable for the consume, negative effect of the fire in the consumed zones is probably going to be seen (Dale et al, 2009).â In the United States, endorsed consuming is viewed as a significant administration instrument because of the advantages related with it.â Both the landowners and the United States National Forest System have been utilizing recommended consuming for a long time. As per the United States fire arrangement corresponding to the woods biological system, there is have to embrace endorsed consuming so as to upgrade the development of business woodlands, forestall out of control fire harm and to improve fire subordinate ecosystems.â However, recommended consuming has been scrutinized for its negative effect on the earth. For example, endorsed copying results to the freeing from land or utilization of land for horticultural exercises that effectsly affect the environment.â In this paper, the effect of recommended copying on nature in the United States will be discussed.â The paper will concentrate on the impact of recommended copying ashore after it is cleared by endorsed fires.â Land clearing that outcomes from the copying impacts adversely on the vegetation, soil, water and biodiversity. Proposition In the United States endorsed consuming is made important by the conditions in the woodland biological systems or farms. The consuming targets forestalling fierce blazes that can harm appropriately or lead to death of the individuals if the fuel load on the ground supports wild fires.â moreover, the United States national backwoods framework attempts recommended consuming exercises because of the biological advantages that consuming provides for the forests.â The national woodland framework partners endorsed consuming to the decrease of out of control fire risks, land improvement, game living space upgrade, creepy crawly and illness the executives and site groundwork for reforestation (Biswell, 1999). Instances of regions that have experienced recommended consuming exercises incorporate the California wild terrains, Florida Flatwoods and the Southern eastern US National Forest.â It is critical to understand that albeit endorsed consuming in these regions has its advantages to the biological system and the individuals; it additionally impacts adversely on nature after some time. Negative natural effect of endorsed consuming happens notwithstanding the way that recommended consuming is arranged in a way that limits negative impacts of consuming on the environment.â This has made the issue of recommended consuming to turn into a subject of discussion in the nation .While some think about recommended copying to lessen negative effect of fierce blazes on the earth, copying can likewise affect adversely on the environment.â Land clearing that outcome from the copying has negative impact on the earth. Conversation Negative effect of Prescribed consuming on vegetation in the wake of freeing from land Recommended consuming outcomes to the freeing from land in a foreordained territory as the fire consumes the fuel load.â The consuming has both aberrant and direct negative impacts after land clearing by the fire.â Land clearing thusly effectsly affects the vegetation, water, soil and untamed life. The negative effect of endorsed consuming in the United States has been seen in certain territories on the grounds that recommended consuming has become a significant movement in the nation. Consistently, countless hectares are singed. Albeit different techniques for consuming are utilized consume the vegetation spread in the foreordained zones, fires wreck the current vegetation by either harming or murdering the whole plant or parts of the plant.â This relies upon the length that the fire consumes or the power of the fire.â Prescribed consuming dependent on the cut decrease strategy results to the decrease of flotsam and jetsam. This technique is additionally used to lessen flotsam and jetsam if there should arise an occurrence of a characteristic occasion or street construction.â When the executives touched off fire is utilized, the consuming of a stand that has been set up is done while guaranteeing that fire doesn't spread past the foreordained territory. While little trees are totally scorched during the consuming, bigger trees may endure the flames however a portion of their trees might be destroyed.â When flames are touched off, the consuming woods energizes increment the temperatures which make it hard for the vegetation to endure. Since with regards to consuming the temperature of the vegetation and that of the air are significant, individuals who have the duty to touch off flames ought to do it when the air and vegetation temperatures can't energize fires that can effectsly affect the environment.â For example, endorsed fires in the United States during winter top execute the hard woods while hardwood rootstocks are slaughtered by summer consumes. In territories where consuming has not been accomplished for a long-term, profound natural layer that aggregates during endorsed consuming prompts the cambial harm of trees. Since just little warmth is required to devastate the plant cells in developing plants, consuming the vegetation executes developing plants. This prompts the short and long haul demolition of the vegetation which after some time opens land to changes that sway contrarily on the great states of the earth. One present moment and long haul effect of recommended consuming in the Sequoia and Kings Canyon National stops in the United States is the adjustment in species arrangement (Mary Berth, 2000).â This change modifies legitimate working of the environment since it prompts the development of new species while those that prior existed and are not open minded to fire before the fire neglect to recover. These two parks are situated in California’s South Nevada areas.â The parks spread around 864, 383 sections of land of land and endorsed consuming in these two parks was made fundamental by the longing to start natural advantages in the parks.â The two parks recommended fire programs were created in 1969 and keeps on being actualized so as to decrease fuel risk issue that may result from overwhelming surface fuel loads.â Though the flames have been utilized to lessen the harm that may result from serious fierce blazes, change in species structure because of the freeing from land by flames has throughout the years been seen in the parks. Flames have constrained the development of species that are not open minded to the fire lighted over a long time.â For example, the expansion in relative thickness of the goliath Sequoia because of recommended fires over quite a while has adjusted the development and endurance of some other plant species.â The fruitful fire systems rebuilding in the parks has empowered the recovery of the species that are fire-adjusted to the detriment of the species that are less-adjusted to fire.â The decrease of fuel load and the reclamation of woods structure after the flames change the number and example of development of plant species.â The parks have conifer backwoods ruled by the sequoia species. The adjustment in the species number in a woodland biological system influences the best possible working of the common biological system and this may prompt exposed ground and soil disintegration when plants and creatures that advance legitimate working of the biological system are dispensed with from the earth. In naturally touchy living spaces in the United States, endorsed fires have effectsly affected the recovery and endurance of plant species.â For instance, the riparian territories in a timberland system.â An examination completed to decide the impact of recommended fire on the riparian regions in the Dark Canyon region indicated that the fire devoured 90 percent of the ground fuel, 79 percent of the riparian zone pre-fire fuel, and 34 percent of the all out surface fuel.â The fire essentially diminished the rate front of the surface vegetation (Beche et al, 2005). When contrasted with the unburned regions, the consumed zone demonstrated an adjustment in the plant taxa wealth after the recovery of vegetation.â The decrease in plant taxa spread and lavishness changed the under story riparian vegetation network creation. These progressions show that when a territory encounters endorsed consuming for quite a while, vanishing of certain species can prompt decrease in the level of vegetative spread. In the California Oak forests, the Native Americans utilized fire to have the Oak forest vegetation altered.â Prescribed flames are considered to diminish the under story woody vegetation and have the tree thickness is lowered.â After the flames, recovery may result to development of vegetation in patches.â Since the settlement of Euro-Americans in the territory, endorsed fire touched off in an environment to make land for animals farms has evacuated the vegetation spread and rather promising the development of plant species that are useful for scavenge creation. The woody vegetation in the region has been affected.Eventually, diminished vegetation spread has made it simple for soil to be presented to either wind or downpour erosion.Prescribed fires in Oregon’s Mixed †conifer timberlands of Crater Lake throughout the years have modified species organization by murdering species that are not heat proof while giving good conditions to the recovery of fireproof species (Agee, 2003).â The Crater Lake National park has in

Essay Topics Covered With Homework on Essay Topics Dealing With Homophobia

Essay Topics Covered With Homework on Essay Topics Dealing With HomophobiaHomework on essay topics dealing with harships can sometimes be tricky. In an effort to assist students in coming up with the perfect harshness topic, there are some guidelines you should adhere to when compiling a list of harshness topics. The topic chosen should be used to elaborate on the theme of the essay. This will give the student the opportunity to express his opinions on a variety of different topics.You may wish to get the opinions of your students about a harshness topic before beginning your research. Remember, not all opinions will be true. Some students will make it a point to embellish their opinion, while others will feel that they have an excellent opinion. Most opinion forms submitted to instructors are basically only opinions, and not facts. If you're going to ask your students to create opinions, you should expect that they may exaggerate or change their opinion at any time.Once you have the opinions, it is time to do some research on essay topics dealing with harshness. There are many different sources available for this type of information. You should take the time to gather as much information as possible regarding the topic before deciding which one to use.You should do your research from the right sources. Your readers will be much more impressed if you've done your homework and consulted with the experts. These are the people who understand what is expected and why a particular essay is being written. They can easily tell you whether or not a harshness topic is going to be effective.If you find that harshness topics are not effective, then you may want to consider revising your topic. If you've made no progress at all, then you should be asking yourself why. Perhaps you simply do not have enough experience with harshness topics.If you are having a hard time coming up with a topic for your essay, consider hiring a professional. An essay service can help you out wi th both the topic and the writing process. You should take the time to see if they can come up with a rough draft of the essay before you hire them.Hiring a professional for a difficult topic is actually a good idea. With so many people interested in harsher topics, it is important that you can find someone who understands the topic. If the person does not have experience with the topic, it will be very difficult for him or her to get the right results. Hiring a professional essay writer to help you is an investment in your education and will save you plenty of time and frustration.It is important that you take the time to do some research on essay topics dealing with harshness. This research should be done before the assignment is due. This will ensure that you have the best possible material at hand when you begin. With the information you have gathered, you should be able to come up with a suitable topic for your essay assignment.

Moving West And Beyond How The Corps Of Discovery Shaped...

Anthony Tirone Mr. Campbell AP United States History 9 March 2015 Moving West and Beyond: How the Corps of Discovery Shaped Manifest Destiny Beginning in the early 1800s manifest destiny had no single root or cause, but became over time, a mindset which propelled the westward expansion of America. Manifest Destiny was the belief that the expansion of the United States throughout the continent of North America was both justified and inevitable. The actual term â€Å"Manifest destiny† was not coined until 1845 when an American columnist and editor, John O Sullivan, created it to promote the annexations of Texas and the Oregon Territory. However, before the term was coined, expansion had already been taking place in America for almost four decades. Beginning in 1803 with the Louisiana Purchase, America had set in stone from early in its beginnings that the frontier was the future. To fulfill this belief, the United States needed to purchase the West from the French. On the last day of April in the year 1803, James Monroe signed three agreements with the French governm ent that caused the United States to double in size. The Louisiana Purchase gave all of the Louisiana Territory and New Orleans to America in exchange for 15 million dollars. This purchase and the events which followed are what began to make commonplace the yearning for full scale expansion of America. Now that America had obtained a vast landscape containing many unknowns, what else was there to do other thanShow MoreRelated65 Successful Harvard Business School Application Essays 2nd Edition 147256 Words   |  190 Pagesper, sonal and professional advancement via an MBA that will prepare you for leadership challenges in any business field. You are aware, however, that Harvard Business School receives about ten thousand applications annually, and you are uncertain how to make your ap.... plication stand out. We understand. We have been in your shoes. 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Analysis Of Amy Tan s The Joy Luck Club, Homer s Odyssey

Elbert Hubbard once said â€Å"Our desires always disappoint us; for though we meet with something that. In Amy Tan’s The Joy Luck Club, Homer’s The Odyssey translated by Robert Fagles, and Sherman Alexie’s The Absolutely True Diary of a Part Time Indian, hope and expectation illustrate the thin line between success and utter destruction in which hope and expectation are found. Characters such as Junior, and Penelope have begun to master the art of hope, while characters such as June have people around her that lower her standards. Success is found in a perfect happy medium where the people that are surrounding the main character raise the standards of life. Through the analysis of a multitude of characters, it is prominent that when†¦show more content†¦Juniors parents were surrounded by the unsupportive. Because of this they never had the chance to come close to even realizing what sort of dreams they can set for themselves. Even if they found the cor rect expectation for themselves it was ignored because â€Å"nobody paid attention to their dreams†. This is exemplified by Junior’s family tree being stated as â€Å"poor people who came from poor people, all the way back to the very first poor people† (Alexie 11). When a family’s failure begins to become a dynasty, the only way for it to be avoided is for expectation to be seen and not completely ignored. Family can do many great things, like show love and care for others, but one thing that the family should not be responsible for is setting expectations. In Amy Tan’s The Joy Luck Club, June deals with the constant struggle of being overpowered by the rest of her family, always being told what to do and not having the chance to develop her own expectations. When her mother says â€Å"Only two kinds of daughters. Those who are obedient and those who follow their own mind! Only one kind of daughter can live in this house. Obedient daughter!† (Tan 142), Suyuan sets herself up to be a controlling mother. If June is not thinking for herself, she will enter the real world and be get kicked to the ground and will not have a chance to get back up. We can see that at the end of the book June has been a completely

Do Prisons Rehabilitate Essay - 1684 Words

Do Prisons Rehabilitate? In this essay, I shall be focusing on the whether or Prisons rehabilitate offenders. I will do this by focusing mainly on the Prison Service in England amp; Wales, the reason for this, being that the data and statistics for England amp; Wales are easier to obtain than that of other countries. The main information I will be referring to will be the rates of conviction, types of imprisonment, types of non-custodial sentences. Also I will explore some of the current methods of offender rehabilitation. Her Majesty’s Prison Service is composed of two main types of prisons, they are open and closed prisons. Following the Mountbatten Report (1965) Prisoners were placed into security categories, ranging from category†¦show more content†¦In general, it would be fair to say that the majority of people in England and Wales would agree with the statement that prisons are not working. The reason for this is that on average 50% of prisoners within 2 years of release will reoffend. Hence this shows that prisons do not rehabilitate everyone who passes through them, Norman Brennan is quoted below saying that it is not the prisons that fail, but it is the inmates that fail. I think that the only way that the prison service can rehabilitate offenders is if the offenders themselves are willing to be rehabilitated. â€Å"It is wrong therefore to say that prisons fail; it is their inmates who fail. If on discharge from prison the ex-prisoner re-offend, it confirms that a custodial sentence was right in the first place...† Norman Brennan, Director of the Victims of Crime Trust, and a 23-year serving policeman Often now, it is believed that a prison sentence is not always the most effective way of punishing an offender. As stated below, often a custodial sentence causes more harm than good. The main reason for this is that when a offender is sentenced to prison, they often loose their job and the chance to see and be seen by their family. In many cases this is not likely to cause a difference in the offenders criminal behaviour because when they are released they will have no job and are often rejected byShow MoreRelatedPrison is no Changing Prisoners1187 Words   |  5 Pagespeople claim that prison does not change people. Research indicates that after indulging in criminal activities, approximately 70% of the released prisoners return to jail within a few years. Most of them fall in three broad areas: †¢ Violent offending †¢ Sex offending †¢ Addictions (Prisoner Rehabilitation) This shows that there are many different types of criminals some more violent than others. On the other hand, some people believe that criminals can rehabilitate after prison. Evidence showsRead MoreOvercrowded Jails and Prisons1821 Words   |  7 Pages Why are prison and jail so overcrowded? 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This type of crime is most like going to sentence the offender to alc ohol awareness (AA) classes as a form of punishment, in hopes of rehabilitating the offender to give up alcohol. The Us Correctional System is there to punish offenders and try to rehabilitate them. HOW THE US CORRECTIONAL SYSTEM PUNISHES OFFENDERS The US correctional System punishes

Marketing Perspective Service Dominant Logic

Question: Describe about the Marketing Perspective for Service Dominant Logic. Answer: Service Dominant Logic The approach of Service Dominant Logic (SDL) came up in 2004 that is considered as a fantastic principle for marketing a product (Lusch and Vargo 2012). SDL believes in co-creation of value rather than the embedded value concepts. The logic helps in making the company market its products in a better manner (Lusch and Vargo 2012). For example, the largest car sharing or car club company of UK provides the service of an automobile company (Streetcarsmanchester.co.uk 2016). Following the SDL, it is not just a car rental service, but the customers are relieved from the burden of monetary expenses such as maintenance cost. It offers the convenience of owning a car without having the hassles of servicing, repair or parking. I engaged with this company for a few days while I was in Manchester. I had the car booked for six hour in a day but it costed me approximately 42.82 (Armstrong 2015). The car was not suitable for me as I usually had long trips and I needed the car to drive out of London (Armstrong 2015). The marketer could have involved different pricing techniques as the service is suitable for people who have to make short trips within the city for grocery shopping or other local trips. The company could have adopted multi-party pricing strategy for short trips and long-trips. The car club follows the hourly car hire prices. It could implement the distance based pricing strategy that could be put as an option for the customers (Lusch and Vargo 2012). Street Car provides mobility services for co-creating value and offers the convenience of owning a car without having paid for the hassles faced. A strong value proposition can be created by clean cars and offering great services at a discount (Wang et al. 2016). During high demand periods, Street Car can consider charging higher prices and low prices during low demand. With this robust pricing strategy, Street car would not just co-create value, but also compete with other taxi and car hiring companies. Street Car must not follow one- size-fits all prices (Mohammed 2013). Dynamic pricing strategies could have made my experience better. I paid high prices for hiring the car due to which I was disappointed for availing the services. If the company followed dynamic pricing model, I would have paid a lesser price than what I had to actually pay for (Lusch and Vargo 2012). Moreover, I would be more loyal to the company and consider engaging with them. My attitude and behavior would be positive as I would have gotten a more personal experience. My satisfaction level would be high and I would definitely be a loyal customer if the value was created in a better manner (Lusch and Vargo 2012). Conclusively, service dominant logic not just sells products, but co-creates value for its customers. It helps in gaining the marketers a new perspective for creating value to the consumer. The firms can think of more opportunities that help in creating value through the services. References Armstrong, A., 2015.Enterprise drives off with City Car Club. [online] Telegraph.co.uk. Available at: https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/transport/11508736/Enterprise-drives-off-with-City-Car-Club.html [Accessed 13 Aug. 2016]. Lusch, R. and Vargo, S., 2012.The service-dominant logic of marketing. Armonk, N.Y.: M.E. Sharpe. Mohammed, R., 2013.Ubers Price Gouging Is the Future of Business. [online] Harvard Business Review. Available at: https://hbr.org/2013/12/ubers-price-gouging-is-the-future-of-business [Accessed 13 Aug. 2016]. Streetcarsmanchester.co.uk, 2016.About-us | Street Cars. [online] Streetcarsmanchester.co.uk. Available at: https://www.streetcarsmanchester.co.uk/pages/about-us [Accessed 13 Aug. 2016]. Wang, X., He, F., Yang, H. and Oliver Gao, H., 2016. Pricing strategies for a taxi-hailing platform.Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 93, pp.212-231.

A Beginners Guide to Identifying Trees in Winter

A Beginner's Guide to Identifying Trees in Winter Identifying a dormant tree is not nearly as complicated as it might seem at first glance. Winter tree identification will demand some dedication to applying the necessary practice to improve the skill of identifying trees without leaves. But if you follow my instructions and use your powers of observation you will find a pleasurable and beneficial way to enhance your skills as a naturalist- even in the dead of winter. Learning to identify a tree without leaves can immediately make your growing season trees easier to name. Using Botanical Markers and Tree Characteristics for Winter Tree Identification Dont be fooled into thinking that a twig key is the only answer when identifying a dormant tree. Your overall observation skills and sizing up a tree will be invaluable even as the twig key is tucked away in your warm library. A trees crown can give you valuable clues to finding a trees botanical name by unique crown shape, fruit and/or their leftover containers, persistent leaves, live twigs and growth habit. Get to know a trees characteristics or markers. Examining a Tree Twig for Winter Tree Identification To use a tree twig key means learning a twigs botanical parts. A key can help you identify a tree to the specific species by asking two questions where you can affirm one and eliminate the other. This is called a dichotomous key. Become familiar with a tree twigs characteristics. Using Alternate and Opposite Tree Leaf and Twig Arrangement for Winter Tree Identification Most tree twig keys start with the arrangement of leaf, limb, and buds. Determining opposite and alternate arrangements is the primary first separation of the most common tree species. You can eliminate major blocks of trees just by observing its leaf and twig arrangement. Identifying a dormant tree can be a visual challenge. Visit the  gallery of winter photos that illustrate many subtle botanical clues exhibited by dormant trees. Naturalist Josh Sayers has developed his Portrait of the Earth photo resource for identifying trees in winter. It may help to use this and other resources as you learn about trees and their dormant parts.

Networking and Team Relationships

Networking and Team Relationships Networking and Team Relationships Management experts have argued that when team work together they have the possibility of achieving more than the sum total achievement of individual team members. To do this a team must have the necessary synergies to optimize collective efforts.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Networking and Team Relationships specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Synergies are realized where effective managers have managed to create the necessary relationships within and without the team. Team relationships are cultivated where effective networks have been created. The need for establishing team relationships has been is because of the changing face of modern management. The reorganized management structures means that employees are gaining more power over their work place roles. This can be utilized effectively for the benefit of the organization as well as team members. But to realize this various typ e’s networks and relationships within the team must be properly enhanced. There are various types of networks and relationships in effective teams. Social relationships are an important part of networking and socialization as they help team members to increase the level of collaboration, help in sharing work related experiences and the enhancement of trust amongst the team members. Tacit knowledge is spread effectively through social relationships. Establishing social networks amongst team members is more beneficial in long term teams as member are aware that they will spend most of their working lives in various teams (Stirna Persson, 2008). Independent task networks are relationships found in teams that are task oriented and where individuals have to complete a task by themselves. In these types of relationships contact between team members is only guaranteed by the task that each of the members is performing. In this type of relationships, members successfully accomplish their individual roles which make up the overall team task (Dyck Neubert, 2010). Formal relationships exist in teams in form of identifying the particular job description and job titles. This type of relationships helps in establishing a sense of authority. It is through these relationships team leaders are able to rally the team to accomplish team task (Stirna and Persson, 2008).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Team managers can only realize effective network and relationships if they are able to rally the best human as well as social capital in behind their teams. Human capital has been described as the reservoir of capabilities, competences, abilities, skills and personalities. An effective workforce must have a composite of these factors so as to ably perform valuably for the team. Examples of human capital include team leaders, strategists and managers who ha ve gained the necessary human capital through education, professional training and on-the-job experience (Becker, 1993). Field (2008) argues that it is difficult to explain social capital without touching on human capital. This is because social capital is the economic value attached to people as social beings. Teams must invest in people who have the right relationships within and without the team. This will help the team access valuable resources out of those networks. A good example of social capital is a team member who is able to use his social influences to acquire a privilege for the team. Team managers have to empower such team members as they form not only part of the teams’ human capital but also social capital. Thus human and social capital complements each other. The realization of the right relationships and networks within teams is the key determinant on the level of the team performance. The relationships between human capital and social capital determine how w ell networks and relationships are formed in teams. Reference List Becker, G. (1993). Human capital: a theoretical and empirical analysis, with special  reference to education. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Dyck, B., Neubert, M. (2010). Management: current practices and new directions  Boston: Houston Mifflin Harcourt Publishing.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Networking and Team Relationships specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Field, J. (2008). Social capital. New York: Rutledge. Stirna, J., Persson, A. (2008).The practice of enterprise modeling: first IFIP WG  8.1 working conference. Stockholm: Springer

Socially Responsible Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Socially Responsible Marketing - Essay Example However, another view is that most companies value their reputation and would not endanger their goodwill by making false claims.Moreover,action by enforcers like regulatory bodies or private lawsuits by competitors-even if penalties and damages are not ordered-are costly. Investigations by regulatory bodies or private lawsuits can easily exceed the profits derived from deceptive marketing. Such suits distract company execuitives, further increasing the cost of an ad already challenged as deceptive. These costs damage the reputation and goodwill, result in exorbitant legal fees and distract company executives.Therfore such repercussions induce the marketers to carefully review their ad claims and ensure that they are true and fully substantiated. Anti tobacco campaigns accelerated in the late eighties when litigation exposed a long history of deceit carried out by industry officials regarding their knowledge about the damaging health effects of tobacco use including the deliberate use of new ingredients to enhance the addictive power of cigarettes. This revelation adversely affected the credibility of producers and marketers and brought to light their fallacious claims about the informed and free choice of customers.Likewise, allegations have been leveled against the fast food industry about inadequate disclosures and misleading advertising. Innumerable lawsuits have contended that the fast food marketers do not provide adequate or accurate information about the fat, sugar and the chemical contents of their products. It was also the core point of the argument by Cesar Barber, who filed legal claims challenging McDonalds, Burger King, Wendy's and KFC for his excessive, life threatening weight.(source) In this context, it will be pertinent to examine the marketing policies of largest beverage company in the world. Coca Cola, a very assertive and uncompromising advertiser. Historically cola has been seen as a harmful product, inextricably linked with obesity and rapid bone loss. Like most FMCG companies, Coca Cola is an aggressive marketer with colossal ad budgets, usually roping in celebrity spokespersons. The Case of Coca Cola Another noteworthy aspect is marketing targeted by companies at young impressionable children. Besides conventional advertising, Coca Cola had rolled out ad campaigns aimed at young children. In 1998, Coca Cola came under criticism for its efforts to secure exclusive vending contracts with public schools across America. The promotional campaigns included contests like 'Team up with Coca Cola contest'. The event involved lectures by Coke executives. The company came under fierce criticism for targeting schoolchildren and commercializing school hallways to make them just another place to sell soft drinks. It was also revealed that the Company had promised under funded public schools for the possibility of cash or sporting equipments in exchange of exclusive rights to sell Coke. Such marketing policies of aggressively pursuing the youth as the potential customers seriously undermine and threaten public health. The concern over public health has mobilized a number of groups to hold Coke accountable for its unsavory practices of targeting youth. Opponents of Coke's marketing campaign cite rapidly increasing obesity and diabetes among the US students. Insecticide contents and Environmental

Marketing Intelligence 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Marketing Intelligence 2 - Essay Example (Reuters, 2012). The objectives of this marketing plan created for Superdry are to conduct market research for the company by looking at some specific factors like customer behaviour and demand in the future and using this information to build more research on customer satisfaction. Throughout the course of this marketing plan, some key objectives will be looked at, for example marketing research techniques, the validity of market findings and situation specific information. Through this research, it is to be determined what steps Superdry needs to adopt in its marketing objectives that will help it adjust in the new market scenario. The business’s strengths are that it has a lot of appeal in the market that it caters to , however that is a small market and on the weakness side, Superdry doesn’t advertise too overtly to become a more prominent player in the market. Some specific objectives include increasing customer satisfaction, sales volume and consequently restoring the companyâ₠¬â„¢s position on the stock market. Recently, Superdry has gone through a lot of structural changes. One of the cofounders of Superdry, Karpathios, who became a partner of the company in 2004, quit this year. Superdry has also experienced falling stock prices and sales levels and shortfalls of stocks. (Baird, 2012). Further, this year Superdry partnered with Indian conglomerate, Reliance Industries. (Jogi, 2012). This move has allowed it to expand its target market and venture into a new arena. India is an expanding market and has a large and diverse population which will help Superdry expand further in the future. A SWOT analysis on Superdry would reveal numerous things. When looking at the strengths that Superdry offers, we notice the elements of quality, niche market appeal and variety. The brand has kept quality levels high while maintaining reasonable prices as compared to other brands that sell branded clothes for a niche market. (Jogi, 2012). However, there are

Egypt and Mesopotamia Essay Example for Free

Egypt and Mesopotamia Essay Almost all things have its identified origin. The society that presently exists also has its beginnings that could be rooted from the ancient civilization. These civilizations became the foundation of the modern world that is presently observable. Two of the most notable ancient civilizations are that of Egypt and Mesopotamia. The Egyptian civilization progress in one of the largest arid desert areas in the world that is even larger than the whole Europe. This became possible due to the River Nile that crosses a nearly rainless desert from south to north that carries the waters of Lake Victoria as far as 3,000 miles of the Mediterranean Sea. In relation with Egypt’s strategic location, its organization is not simply attributed from the need of a collective effort to survive but rather they have developed into a progressive civilization through the sophisticated utilization of their natural resources. They were able to wisely use their resources in order to establish agricultural living through their invention of the irrigation system. Being the case, they were able to establish a strong livelihood through the trade of agricultural products that becomes the basis for their social development and culture. The Egyptian dominance was further enhanced by their creation of an independent writing system, construction projects as well as a military that defeated foreign invaders. Nevertheless, the decline of this civilization could be attributed to the faults of succeeding pharaohs who have abused their power and exploited their people. On the other hand, ancient Mesopotamia also known as the â€Å"land between two rivers† which is the alluvial plain of Tigris and Euphrates also has its own story on how it developed into a civilization. Similar to ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia also has abundant natural resources, which enable them to develop their agricultural sector. They also invented their own form of irrigation to aid them in planting agricultural products. However, they failed to develop their agricultural sector in order to establish trade with other lands. This is due to the varying climate that affects the steady supply of goods that would sustain trade like that of Egypt. Mesopotamia also has their form of writing and architectural skills. Nevertheless, they are more recognized in terms of their arts especially in the creation of pottery. Likewise, Mesopotamia also has the same form of government like Egypt. Their ruler is a king that has almost similar powers to a pharaoh and they also have their subordinates. Moreover, the greatest weakness of this civilization is that it greatly relied in slaving and exploiting common people in order to develop their civilization. Similar to Egypt, Mesopotamia’s failure to establish a kind of governance that gives importance to common people is its greatest weakness. The above discussions show that these ancient civilizations have their respective strengths and weaknesses. The factors that characterized ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia also became the basis for their comparison, which makes their similarities and differences observable. BIBLIOGRAPHY Kemp, Barry J. Ancient Egypt. New York: Routledge, 2006. Pollock, Susan. Mesopotamia. United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press, 1990.

Leading and Managing Change :: Organizational Development, Planned Change

Organisational development is both a professional field of social action and an area of scientific inquiry†. (Cummings and Worley, 2009, p.1). Organisational development does not have common definition; however, it has more than one definition that expresses the meaning of organisational development and change. Organisational development can be best described as a â€Å"system wide process of data collection, diagnosis, action planning, intervention, and evaluation aimed at enhancing congruence among organisational structure, process, strategy, people, and culture; developing new and creative organisational solution; and developing the organisation’s self-renewing capacity.† (Beer as cited in Cummings and Worley, 2009, p.2). It occurs through the cooperation of organisational members working with a change agent using behavioural science theory, research, and technology (Beer as cited in Cummings and Worley, 2009, p.2). Organisational development and change managem ent deal with the effective implementation of planned change (Cummings and Worley, 2009, p.3). The two terms deal with the leadership issues and the change process (Cummings and Worley, 2009, p.3). Change is very critical process for every organisation and it is a characteristic of organisational development. Change is moving from one state to another; it is the inevitable aspect of life and the essence of any organisation (sharma,2007,p.1);it is the only constant and is moving target as change pace became so rapid so it needs effective management and leadership to be successfully implemented (Cummings and Worley, 2009, p.27). Change Management: Management and change are interrelated. It is impossible to undertake a journey without addressing its purpose (Paton and Mccalman, 2008, p.3). â€Å"Managing change is about handling the complexities of change; it is about evaluating, planning, and implementing operational tactics and strategies† (Paton and Mccalman, 2008, p.3). According to Armenikas and Bedeian organisational change is greatly responsive to management; its possibility remains high as managers strive for successful and perfect change in the organisation (Paton and Mccalman, 2008, p.3). Change management is a complex, and dynamic process; it is about finding best fit for the organisation to get best results (Paton and Mccalman, 2008, p.4). The environment is rapidly changing resulting from changes in technologies, customers’ preferences, alteration in the economy and many other factors (Paton and Mccalman, 2008, p.10) so organisations have to take the journey of change to cope with the external forces facing them and that is done through management. In order to be able to manage change effectively, managers have to look to the faults and problems found in the organisation, putting alternatives and stating its pros and cons, decide on the future state of the organisation and then implement the change process (Paton and Mccalman,2008,p.

JetBlue Airways & Organizational Development: Partners for Change Essay

This is a case of an effective partnership of Jet Blue Airways and Organizational Development. In the airline business with an unpredictable environment, Jet blue forged a partnership with the Organizational Development (OD) team and JetBlue University (the airlines centralized learning group). From this berthed the Systems Operations Center (SOC) which is the heart of the airline – the epicenter where effective decision making, communication, teamwork, and leadership are critical to ensure crewmembers are able to meet and exceed customer needs (Dennnison, 2007). This case study covers the four general models of planned change which are entering and contracting; diagnosis; planning and implementing; and evaluating and institutionalizing change (Cummings & Worley, 2009). All interventions applied were carefully developed as they interpret the diagnosis of the operations of JetBlue. And as it progress you will see that the key element on making this a successful and effective OD is the  involvement of all the employees and their buy in from the top down management. As you will see that not only that they have implemented the interventions which greatly enhanced the company’s success, it has also institutionalized the changes they have adapted and on On June 8, 2011, JetBlue ranked ‘Highest in Customer Satisfaction Among Low Cost Carriers in North America’ by J.D. Power and Associates, a customer satisfaction recognition received for the seventh year in a row.they were awarded they are the number one (Article, 2011). Introduction JetBlue has an impressive and effective partnership with the Organizational Development Team. This is one of the success stories on how to effectively apply and OD Intervention within a company. They have established and institutionalized the process of OD within their business system. The four processes namely: Entering and contacting; diagnosis; planning and implementing; and evaluating and institutionalizing were properly managed and executed. The foundation was set correctly and the shifting of the change concept was embedded in the JetBlue culture. All JetBlue employees are involved and are aware on how OD interventions are applied and how it works. The foundation of the OD intervention is solid and any new interventions that are applied as long as it is carefully reviewed and agreed is flawless. My approach for this case study as an OD practitioner is to review, diagnose, and analyze what the OD practitioner have accomplished and make any changes and recommendations that I beli eve will further enhance the effectiveness of the OD intervention. I will apply the four model of planned change as I review and/or come up with any additional intervention for the company. Stage 1 – Entering and Contracting The OD team did not have a hard time entering into this business contract with JetBlue. All the factors I read in this case study are all in their side. The key concept that is very positive for this intervention is that JetBlue’s organizational culture is that they embrace change. This resulted the decision to help the SOC continuously improve was supported by all within the department and the whole organization. They have implemented an  ideal and perfect approach for entering and contracting. Their realization that tomorrow’s operating environment will look very different. They are treating each flight as a different case and they do not base their assumption on old data but always plan for the latest information for each flight. A comprehensive contract was developed by JetBlue and OD team. Both internal and external SOC stakeholders are engaged for this contracting. Their process is flawless and what they call a progressive company that embraces intervention as p ositive. They have developed a comprehensive contract that outlined the scope of work and established clear roles and expectations. Both sides have agreed on the contract, they will then proceed to the planning process. Recommended change/addition Upon reviewing Exhibit A, my recommended change is that the SVP of the SOC should be less involved on with the SOC operations. All the key elements are already identified and they have developed a process on how to enter and develop a contract. The stakeholders are already onboard with the OD program and in fact embraced the concept of OD so they should empower the OD team on changes and directly apply to the SOC with stakeholders getting an updated interventions being implemented. They should decentralize this tasking with the SOC, OD team and the crewmembers. By doing this, SVP and stakeholders can focus more on their bigger tasking and responsibilities by projecting and planning for the future of the company. The effectiveness of the Entering and Contracting stage is also apparent in eliminating or planning a course of action on taking out most of the â€Å"red flags† such as insufficient level of commitment, resistance or opposition by major stockholders, lack of power or influence and client’s desire to manipulate the consultant. These potential â€Å"red flags† were all addressed and resolved (Mitchell, 2006). It will also be cost effective if they will establish their internal OD team. By having a dedicated team, they will be more focus on the progress of the company. OD is already developed and more than likely, only minor interventions will be implemented to adapt in the ever growing and changing innovation of the global environment. During contracting, there were no specific goals identified by JetBlue but only to look â€Å"under the hood†. I believe the OD approached this as an Organizational process for their plans. Although the contract covered the scope of work, established their respective roles and responsibilities, they have not covered the estimated time needed that is devoted solely for the OD process. They might have missed this step because of the total buy in of JetBlue with change. But the issue might rise if the cost will start escalating or even the timeframe gets extended. Stage 2 – Diagnosis This is one of the pivotal areas that OD practitioners should be keen in identifying the relevant issues gathered on all data. Obtaining an updated and current data is needed in this ever changing global market. They also have covered this stage as you will read on the case study that they are branded as progressive company which means that they constantly strive for change. Exhibit A if you notice that they added a planning stage on how the intervention will be approached. A thorough data collection will be created as one of the tools to diagnose and approach an intervention. Exhibit B is the Denison Leadership Development Survey that was used and you can see the positive quantitative results that they have increased their scores in four key areas within eight months of implementation. Summarizing the information captured from the Denison Organizational Culture survey, focus groups and interviews, the OD team came up with five key themes for the company’s strategy development and culture change. The OD consultant also stresses to the leadership team that focusing on a few relevant areas was much more effective which I also totally agree. Recommended change/addition This case study mentioned that 40 interviews and focus groups were done to gain insight. I would increase the interviews to at least 50% of each division of the company to have a better data analysis on where the top strengths and weaknesses are. I will also make a two to three day session to interpret the data to come up with a more viable and acceptable hypothesis on identifying the themes for the company. The Denison Model gave a quantitative measure of the organizations status. It addressed and  identified the two strengths and two weaknesses of the company. And from that diagnosis, coupled with the 40 interviews and focus groups, they have come up with viable goals. Goals that are derived and interpreted from the data they have gathered. Recommended change/addition If I was the OD practitioner, I would also add questionnaires for the customers, observation and unobtrusive measures. My questionnaires will be designed solely for the customer satisfaction. This is your main business for the company. This is a key factor in increasing your market shares. I would design the questionnaire to draw out what can be improved and any innovative ideas that they want to see what JetBlue can offer. I will focus it on differentiation which will make JetBlue unique from other airlines. This will be a very strong intervention once applied because it directly affects the customers (Kabra, 2006). On my observations, I will be staging some observation sites at the tarmac, ticket counter, customer service, and other key areas of the business. We will observe the people on how they work, how long they work and the conditions on where they work will be some of the factors we will observe. By performing observations, you will witness the actual things that are happeni ng during the operations of the company. There are a lot of different divisions that makes up an airline business. The crewmembers each have different area of expertise such as stewardess, baggers, pilots, etc. It is very diverse and you need to collect data on all areas. I will also perform unobtrusive measures and study the current structure of the company’s organization and see if we are utilizing and maximizing all the skills, knowledge and abilities of all our crewmembers. From here I will define a benchmark and see what is our competitive edge compared to other airlines. I will also apply unobtrusive measure and establish a benchmark for both internal and external part of the company. This will give me a better approach and measure on what is the real status of the company and you can project stretch goals since this company embraces changes. A challenging and achievable goal for them will be ideal. By applying more measures on Data gathering, you will come up with a better conclusive strengths and weaknesses o f the company. You will diagnose and compare your data analysis and strategize a pattern and conclusive evidence that supports each type of data analysis you collected. Stage 3 – Planning  and Implementing This is the crucial stage of the OD process intervention. The critical analysis of the date gathered was thoroughly researched on this project. The planning stage was very effective as they have come up with a strategic approach to achieve their goals. As they OD practitioner finished the strategy, they were able to communicate the strategy to key leaders of the company (Lunenberg, 2010). I agree with the OD team on what happened after the data collection and goal setting. Meetings on each member of the SOC team were held and they were educated on what will be their roles during the intervention. They have minimized the people’s natural reaction on resistance to change. All five themes they came up were communicated effectively throughout the organization. An extensive weekly meeting for the first month was implemented. This is a carefully planned and well executed plan and implantation stage of the OD practitioner. This is a well thought of process that the OD team have cover ed all the interventions and each goal were further identified with a detailed plan of action of what are the steps needed for the achievement of their goal. And the key for this step by step procedure is the constant meetings and progress check to see how the intervention needs any adjustments or they are within their target goals. The OD practitioner is very well educated and approached this stage strategically. Recommended change/addition The two things I would add for the implementation change is the award system and stretch goals. They have instilled the intrinsic rewards for the crewmembers as the OD practitioner came up with an intervention that each crewmember are part of the changes that is happening as they have the quantitative measure of their goal they are achieving. The empowerment was placed with the crewmembers. Adding an extrinsic award system such a Employee of the month, cash bonus, etc., will only reinforce and encouraged each crewmembers for the success of the business. I believe with the buy in of all JetBlue employees, stretch goals for the directors and make it a competitive but friendly approach of stretching the goals for each department/division will not hurt since the culture of the company embraces  change. Stage 4 – Evaluating and Institutionalizing This is a success OD intervention from start to end. The evaluation process was impressive as you can see the success rate of the company. I believe that they have institutionalized the change and they made the OD a part of the company’s culture. They have achieved the OD intervention and as you can see, it has been decentralized and it is now at the lowest level of management. The success of the JetBlue and OD practitioner is evident because of the foundation it has set. You will see that they have accepted this intervention as a new way of doing business. And they even avoided the sense of complacency by having a Culture Change Monitor Survey and a bi-weekly working sessions to execute the plan. They applied the Denison Organizational Culture Survey to assess their strengths and weaknesses. You can see the evidence by having a good foundation and structure on the start of any OD intervention. It will follow a smooth transition from each phase. As you can see that the company was just transitioning from each phase of the OD process and as they evaluate the interventions, all the stakeholders are onboard and willing to improve the company as it is very evident as you read the case study. Institutionalizing it as you will read is also successful. From the start as the company embraces change, the company and the OD have transitioned change as a norm in their crewmembers view. They look all the changes as a philosophy in their culture that the success and development of their company can only be achieved through continuous improvement. Recommended change/addition The things I will add on this are annual get together, and recommend new survey system. By having an annual get together, I will implement a banquet type with key speaker to encourage the crewmember and have achievement awards with different categories. This will definitely encourage each crewmember to give their best every time they work. I would recommend another survey to replace the Denison Organizational Culture Survey in the next two years. Having the same survey yearly might create complacency and over familiarity of the survey. But if you give them a different survey, they will be able to look at it on a different perspective ad will pay more attention. I would review the current innovation, global market, benchmark the airline business, and their own. I will select and recommend an ideal survey based on the current data gathering I collected. Conclusion This is a success story of an OD intervention process. Ad JetBlue have embraced the changes, careful planning by the OD team as they enter the contracting was very effective. It is a very effective approach as they have identified almost all of the requirements to enter a contract. Data gathering and analysis have resulted in identifying the strengths and weaknesses of the company. Goals were derived from the weaknesses and step by step approach designed to achieve each goal. Communication is evident as the key factor on the planning and implementation change. Each key leader are involved and updated on the planned intervention. All crewmembers that were involved were trained, educated, and made aware of what’s the plan and how will it be implemented. The empowerment were correctly applied which in my opinion is pivotal for their success. Evaluation and institutionalization is already evident as you read the case study that it was a continuous process that their company has embraced. They have the system set in place and monitoring was in place to ensure upward progress is tracked. I can find no other way to conclude the success of this OD intervention but to quote the case study verbatim â€Å"the case study states as follows â€Å"The SOC leadership team owns the process and the culture of the department, making the OD team’s involvement very low and leadership’s involvement very high. No longer is the kind of work that resulted from this project considered additional duties that leadership â€Å"must† perform. Because the OD consultant set the foundation from the beginning by delegating key tasks to stakeholders, having clear sponsorship and having responsible leaders, a mindset shift has occurred – the idea that creating a high performing culture is part of every leader’s job.à ¢â‚¬  As an OD, this should always be the ultimate goal on all your interventions. Exhibit A – Project Overview Exhibit B – Denison Leadership Development Survey Exhibit C – Changes over Time Exhibit D – JetBlue Airways & Organizational Development: Partners for Change Bibliography Cummings, G., Worley C.G., (2009). Organizational Development and Change. Ohio: South-Western Cengage Learning. Dennison consulting, (2007, Jun). JetBlue Airways & Organizational Development: Partners for Change. Retrieved from http://www.denisonconsulting.com/Libraries/Resources/CS-2007-JetBlue-System-Operations.sflb.ashx JetBlue Airways, (2011, June). JetBlue Awarded Seventh Consecutive Customer Satisfaction J.D. Power and Associates Honor. Retrieved from http://blog.jetblue.com/index.php/2011/06/08/jetblue-awarded-seventh-consecutive-customer-satisfaction-j-d-power-and-associates-honor/ Mitchell, R.C., (2006, July). Model of the Organization Development Process. Retrieved from http://www.csun.edu/~hfmgt001/odmodel.htm Kabra, R., (2006, September). Virgin Atlantic – Gap Analysis. Retrieved from http://www.managementparadise.com/forums/public-relations-management/6928-virgin-atlantic-gap-analysis.html Lunenberg, F. C., (2010, November). Organizational Development: Implementin g Planned Change. Retrieved from http://www.nationalforum.com/Electronic%20Journal%20Volumes/Lunenburg,%20Fred%20C.%20Organizational%20Development%20Implementing%20Planned%20Change%20IJMBA,%20V13%20N1%202010.pdf

Hrm Lincoln Electric Case - 1044 Words

Lincoln Electric Case Study Analysis Overview of the Case of Lincoln Electric Lincoln electric established consistent HRM policies to build trust. This has been true since inception. This long history promotes confidence in employees and surety of future reward. Workers average $17,600 per year on standard 32 hour work weeks. They are able to earn about this same amount again in bonuses. This system creates high productivity. Lincoln Electric operates on a system of equality, cooperation, and need. Each employee is given the same number of hours as others. When business slows, all workers reduce hours equally. When overtime is needed, this workload is also distributed without favor to the workers. Today, Lincoln Electric is the†¦show more content†¦At these meetings, employees are able to bring up any production issue or worker grievance. This improves the company culture. Furthermore, this employee participation makes the company locally responsive by mining worker’s direct production knowledge as well as input from the open market. Part of th e investment of the workers is their own input. When workers have a say in goal setting and policy, they work much harder, and for much greater duration, than employees who simply receive goals and targets from upper management. Additionally, one of the rewards of effort is image. Lincoln Electric’s proud heritage extends fully to the workers. CEO, chairman, and president of the company, John M. Stropki, gave credit to the employees in his August, 2010 television interview with Liz Claman on Fox Business. This creates a corporate culture of worth in employees, and a sense of pride. This pride has real value and is part of the â€Å"benefit† package at Lincoln Electric. Potential Problems with Introducing Lincoln Electrics HRM Practices into China Operations Introducing the same system in China should only be employed following careful analysis and planning for initial, short-term modifications. A key element of the reward bonus system is trust. In China, trust between the common worker and people in power falls far short of the trust a citizen of the United States has for those who sign paychecks. In the U.S.,Show MoreRelatedEssay Case Study of Lincoln Electric Company875 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿ Integrative Case: The Lincoln Electric Company Tony Slattery Everest University Abstract â€Å"We are a global manufacturer and the market leader of the highest quality welding, cutting and joining products. Our enduring passion for the development and application of our technologies allows us to create complete solutions that make our customers more productive and successful. 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